Melanoleuca verrucipes (Melanoleuca verrucipes) sawir iyo sharaxaad

Melanoleuca warty-lug (Melanoleuca verrucipes)

• Mastoleucomyces verrucipes (Fr.) Kuntze
• Melanoleuca verrucipes f. ku heshiin (P.Karst.) Fontenla & Para
• Melanoleuca verrucipes var. afgembi Raitelh.
• Melanoleuca verrucipes var. waxaad heli doontaa goosebumps
• Tricholoma verrucipes (Fr.) Bres.

Cinwaanka hadda: Melanoleuca verrucipes (Fr.) Fanaanada

taariikhda taxonomic

Tani "Warty Cavalier" waxaa lagu sharaxay 1874 by mycologist Iswidishka Elias Magnus Fries, oo u bixiyay magaca Agaricus verrucipes. Magaceeda sayniska ee hadda la aqbalay, Melanoleuca verrucipes, waxay dib ugu noqotaa daabacaadda Rolf Singer ee 1939.

Etymology

Magaca caanka ah ee Melanoleuca wuxuu ka yimid ereyadii hore ee melas oo macnaheedu yahay madow iyo leukos oo macneheedu yahay caddaan. Ma jiro Warty Cavalier run ahaantii waa madow iyo caddaan, laakiin qaar badan ayaa leh koofiyadaha leh habab kala duwan oo bunni ah oo korka ah iyo taargooyin cadcad oo hoostooda ah.

Ereyga gaarka ah ee verrucipes macneheedu waa "cag dagaal leh" - "cag dagaal leh, cag", iyo ereyga "cag", dabcan, macnaheedu waa "lug", marka ay timaado fungus.

Caadi ahaan qeexida Melanoleuca ee noocyada waa riyo. Melanoleuca verrucipes waa mid aad u wanaagsan marka laga reebo, mid ka mid ah noocyada melaneuca ee dhowr ah oo lagu aqoonsan karo astaamaha macro-ga iyada oo aan la dhexgalin duurjoogta microscopy.

Peduncle melanoleuca verrucous peduncle wuxuu kaga duwan yahay dhigiisa iftiin, jirid cad oo ku dhow oo lagu daboolay yar yar, laakiin aad loo dareemi karo madow madow ama xitaa miisaan madow, oo la mid ah qolof ama burooyin.

madaxa: 3-7 cm dhexroor (mararka qaarkood ilaa 10 cm), laga bilaabo caddaan ilaa kareem leh xarun bunni ah oo cirro leh, daboolku waa marka hore convex ka dibna wuu fidsan yahay, had iyo jeer leh tubercle yar oo hooseeya, boqoshaada qaangaarka ah ayaa si ballaaran u fidsan ama ku dhow. , engegan, bidaar leh, siman, mararka qaarkood si yaryar u qolof ah. Midabku waa caddaan, caddaan, oo inta badan dhexda ku leh aag madow. Hilibka koofiyadda waa dhuuban, caddaan ilaa kareem cirro leh.

taarikada: si ballaaran ugu dheggan, soo noqnoqda, oo leh taariko badan. Midabka taarikada waa caddaan, kareem cirro leh, oo noqda brownish da'da.

Lugtaada: dhererka 4-5 cm iyo dhumucdiisuna waa 0,5-1 cm (waxaa jira muunado leh jirid ilaa 6 cm dheer iyo ilaa 2 cm qaro weyn). Flat leh sal yar oo bararay. Qallalan, caddaan hoos madow madow ilaa qolof madow ku dhow. Ma jiro giraan ama aag annular ah. Hilibka lugta ku jira waa mid adag, oo fibre ah.

Laalaabka: caddaan, caddaan, kareem leh muunado aad u koray, midab ma beddelo marka waxyeello gaadho.

urta: wax yar oo boqoshaada leh, anise yar ama ur yicib ah oo suurtagal ah. Waxay wax ka qoraan hooska urta, sida laga soo xigtay ilo kala duwan: almonds qadhaadh, qolof jiis, iyo sidoo kale bur, miro leh. Ama: dhanaan, aniseed, marmarka qaarkood peary, ayaa laga yaabaa inay ku xumaato muunadaha qaangaarka ah.

dhadhamiya: jilicsan, oo aan lahayn astaamo.

budada xabka: caddaan ilaa kareem cirro leh.

Astaamaha micnaha yar:

Spores 7–10 x 3–4,5 µm dheer ellipsoid, oo leh burooyinka amyloid ee ka yar 0,5 µm sare.

Basidia 4-spore.

Cheilocystidia lama helin.

Pleurocystidia 50-65 x 5-7,5 µm, fusiform leh cidhiidhi fiiqan oo cidhiidhi ah iyo hal septum, darbi dhuuban, hyaline ee KOH, koriinka marmarka qaarkood waxaa lagu daboolaa crystals.

Taraamku saxanku waa barbar socdaa.

Pileipellis waa xuubka curiyeyaasha 2,5-7,5 µm ballaaran, septate, hyaline ee KOH, siman; Unugyada terminalku inta badan waa kuwo toosan, cylindrical ah, oo leh burooyin wareegsan.

Xidhiidhada isku dhejinta lama helin

Saprophyte, wuxuu u koraa kali ama kooxo yaryar oo ku dhexjira carro ama jajabyo alwaax ah, ciidda humus qani ku ah iyo seeraha qani ku ah caleenta iyo qashinka cawska, jajabka alwaax ama tuulan beerta compost.

Melanoleuca verruciforma waxay dhacdaa guga ilaa dayrta, miraha ugu sarreeya xagaaga dambe iyo deyrta.

Meel walba laga helay, naadir.

Waqooyiga iyo buuraha Yurub, waxay si dabiici ah uga dhacdaa meelaha cawska ah, laakiin qaybaha kale ee Yurub waxaa badanaa laga helaa meelaha muuqaalka - jardiinooyinka, cawska, labajibbaaran. Waqooyiga Ameerika, waxay ka dhacdaa Waqooyiga-galbeed ee Baasifigga iyo Waqooyi-bari iyo Gobollada Dhexe-Atlantic, oo ku yaal geed-geedka iyo meelaha kale ee dhirta, ama boholo caws leh iyo hareeraha waddooyinka.

Waxay aad ugu dhowdahay in qaybinta noocyada noocan ah ee adduunka oo dhan ay si weyn u baahday sannadihii la soo dhaafay sababtoo ah u wareejinta dhirta dheriga ah ee la dhoofiyo, compost, iyo mulch-ka beerta alwaax ah.

Boqoshaada badan oo ka soo jeeda Melanoleuca ayaa loo tixgeliyaa in la cuni karo, laakiin dhadhankooda, si daacad ah, waa sidaas-si. Waxaa laga yaabaa in taasi tahay sababta hagayaal badan oo Yurub ah ay ugu qoraan "Lama cuni karo", oo leh qoraallo qaabka "maadaama noocyada boqoshaada ay aad u adag tahay in la aqoonsado, waxaan kugula talineynaa in loo tixgeliyo dhammaantood inay yihiin kuwo laga shakiyo, oo aan loo ururin cunto."

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, suurtagal ma ahayn in la helo xog ku saabsan sunta lugaha dagaalka ee Melanoleuca. Waxaan ku dhejin doonaa noocyadan "Lama cuni karo", oo ma aha sababtoo ah dib-u-celinta, laakiin sababtoo ah naadirka Melanoleuca verrucipes ee dhulkii hore ee USSR. Ha cunin, si fiican u qaado sawirro wanaagsan intii suurtagal ah.

Melanoleuca madow iyo caddaan (Melanoleuca melaleuca)

Macroscopically waxay noqon kartaa mid la mid ah, laakiin waxaa ka maqan sifada miisaanka madow ee madow ee asliga ah.

• Agaricus wuu aqbalay P.Karst
• Agaricus asal ahaan (Fr.) Fr.
• Armillaria verrucipes Fr.
• Waan ku raacsanahay ClitocybeP.Karst
• Clitocybe ayaa soo qulqulaya P.Karst
• Clitocybe verrucipes (Fr.) Maire
• Gyrophila verrucipes (Eng.) Waa maxay.

Sawirka: Vyacheslav.