Larch flywheel (Psiloboletinus lariceti)
- Qaybta: Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes)
- Qayb hoosaadka: Agaricomycotina (Agaricomycetes)
- Fasalka: Agaricomycetes (Agaricomycetes)
- Heerka hoose: Agaricomycetidae (Agaricomycetes)
- Dalabka: Boletales (Boletales)
- Qoyska: Suillaceae
- Hidaha: Psiloboletins (Psiloboletins)
- Nooca: Psiloboletinus lariceti (larch flywheel)
:
- Boletinus lariceti
- Boletin larch
Psiloboletin waa hiddaha fangaska ee qoyska Suillaceae. Waa isir hal-abuur ah oo ka kooban hal nooc, Psiloboletinus lariceti. Noocyadan waxaa markii ugu horreysay ku tilmaamay Mycologist Rolf Singer 1938-kii sida Phylloporus. Alexander H. Smith waxa uu ku khilaafay fikradda guud ee Singer, isaga oo soo gunaanaday: “Si kasta oo loo habeeyo nooca nooca Psiloboletinus ayaa ugu dambayntii la sameeyaa, way caddahay in aanay jirin jilayaal si cad loo kala saari karo oo hiddaha lagu aqoonsan karo iyadoo lagu salaynayo sharraxaadda Singer.
"Larch" - laga bilaabo ereyga "larch" (cirifka dhirta alwaaxa ah ee qoyska geedaha, mid ka mid ah noocyada ugu caansan ee geedaha coniferous), oo aan ka soo jeedin ereyga "deciduous" (kaynta dhirta leh - kaynta ka kooban geedo yaryar iyo geedo yaryar).
madaxa: 8-16 cm dhexroor, xaaladaha wanaagsan hoostooda waxaa suurtogal ah in koofiyadaha koofiyadaha ku saabsan 20 sentimitir ay suurtagal tahay. Marka uu yar yahay, qallafsan yahay, oo leh gees xoog leh, ka dibna fidsan; boqoshaada aadka u qaangaarka ah, cidhifka koofiyadda lama soo jeediyo, waxa laga yaabaa in uu yara lulo ama daloolo. Qallalan, dareema ama dareema qolof leh, jilicsan marka la taabto. Brownish, ocher-brown, bunni wasakh ah.
Hilibka koofiyadda: cufan (aan dabacsanayn), jilicsan, ilaa 3-4 cm qaro weyn. Iftiin huruud ah, ocher iftiin ah, aad u cirro leh, ku dhawaad cad. U beddelo buluug jab jab ama gooyay.
Hymenophore: tubular. Tuubooyinku waa waaweyn yihiin, ballaaran yihiin, oo leh darbiyada dhinaca qaro weyn, si ay muuqaal ahaan u sameeyaan muuqaal taarikada. Waxay si xoog leh ugu dhaadhacaan jirridda, halkaas oo ay noqdaan kuwo dheereeya, taas oo ka dhigaysa muuqaalkooda muuqaal ahaan taarikada. Hymenophore-ku waa jaale, iftiin dhalinyarada, ka dibna huruud ah. Dhaawaca, xitaa yar, wuxuu noqdaa buluug, ka dibna wuxuu noqdaa bunni.
Khilaafaadka: 10-12X4 microns, cylindrical, fusiform, bunni-jaalle leh dhibco.
Lugtaada: 6-9 sentimitir sare iyo 2-4 cm dhumucdiisuna tahay XNUMX-XNUMX cm, dhexda, waxaa laga yaabaa in la dhumucyo xagga hoose ama dhexda, jilicsan. Qaybta sare waa iftiin, midabka hymenophore, huruud huruud ah, ka hooseeya waa madow: brownish, brownish, brown brown. U beddelo buluug marka la riixo. Dhammaan, mararka qaarkood oo leh dalool.
saxarka lugta: cufan, bunni, buluug.
Garaac, dabool, volva: Midna.
Dhadhami oo ur: boqoshaada yar.
Waxay ku koraan oo kaliya joogitaanka larch: kaymaha larch iyo kaymaha isku dhafan oo leh joogitaanka bjørk, aspen, hoostiisa.
Miraha ugu sarreeya waa Ogosto-Sebtembar. Waxaa si fiican loo yaqaan oo kaliya Dalkeena, oo laga helo Galbeedka iyo Bariga Siberiya, Gobolka Amur, Khabarovsk Territory, ee Bariga Fog, waxay miro u dhalataa marar badan oo aad u badan Sakhalin, halkaas oo loo yaqaan "Larch Mokhovik" ama si fudud " Mokhhovik”.
Boqoshaada waa la cuni karaa, ma jiraan wax caddaynaya sumowga. Waxaa loo isticmaalaa diyaarinta maraq, saladh, koorsooyin labaad. Ku haboon pickling
Doofaarku waa dhuuban yahay marxaladaha qaar ee koritaanka waxaa lagu khaldi karaa duqsi larch ah. Waa inaad si taxadar leh u eegtaa hymenophore: doofaarka waa lamellar, shaybaarrada yaryar ee taarikada ayaa ah kuwo jilicsan, si ay u eegaan cirridka waxay u qalmi karaan tuubooyinka waaweyn. Farqiga muhiimka ah: doofaarku uma rogo buluug, laakiin wuxuu noqdaa bunni marka unugyadu ay dhaawacmaan.
Gyrodons waxay la mid yihiin Psiloboletinus lariceti, waa inaad fiiro gaar ah u yeelataa ecology (nooca kaynta).
Riyaha, waxay ku kala duwan yihiin midabka saxarka meelaha waxyeellada leh, hilibkiisu uma beddelo buluug, laakiin casaan.
Daraasado ujeedo leh ayaa la sameeyay, waxaa jira shaqooyin ku saabsan guryaha thrombolytic ee enzymes fangaska basid (VL Komarov Botanical Institute of Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Our Country), halkaas oo waxqabad fibrinolytic sare ee enzymes ka go'doomin Psiloboletinus lariceti la xusay. . Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa goor hore in laga hadlo codsiga ballaaran ee farmasiyada.
Sawirka sawirka maqaalka: Anatoly Burdynyuk.