Soccer
Jimicsi iyo Jimicsi
El kubada cagta Xaqiiqdii waa cayaaraha ugu caansan uguna dhaqanka badan dhammaan meeraha Dunida. Waxay kicisaa xamaasad meel kasta oo lagu dhaqmo waxayna noqotay bandhig cabbir caalami ah oo dhaafa qeexitaanka isboortiga. Sababta guusheeda? Waxaa laga yaabaa sababta oo ah, marka la barbardhigo isboortiyo kale oo badan, waa kan kaliya ee waxaa lagu ciyaaraa cagaha.
Dhaqammo qadiimi ah oo kala duwan: Shiine, Masaari, Mayan, Inca, Giriig ayaa u dabbaaldegay ciyaaro iyo caadooyin la mid ah kubbadda maanta: laadinta cunsur ka badan ama ka yar. Oo weliba waxaa jira xiriir la leh qaar ka mid ah xafladaha dhexe ee dhow. Laakiin kubadda cagta casriga ah, kan na maaweeliya dhammaadka usbuuc kasta (iyo inta lagu jiro usbuuca), ayaa la aasaasay bartamihii qarnigii XNUMXaad, markii ciyaar ay ardaydu ku ciyaarayeen magaalooyinka Ingiriiska iyo dugsiyada sida waafaqsan xeerarkooda, oo ay ka yimaadeen, xeerar kale, ah rugby.
Guuleystayaasha Caalamka
- Uruguay, 1930kii
- Uruguay
- Talyaaniga, 1934
- Italy
- Faransiiska, 1938
- Italy
- Brazil, 1950
- Uruguay
- Switzerland, 1954
- Germany
- Iswidhan, 1958
- Brazil
- Chile, 1962kii
- Brazil
- Ingiriiska, 1966
- England
- Meksiko, 1970
- Germany
- Jarmalka, 1974
- Germany
- Argentina, 1978
- Argentina
- Isbaanish, 1982
- Italy
- Meksiko, 1986
- Argentina
- Talyaaniga, 1990
- Germany
- EE UU, 1994
- Brazil
- Faransiiska, 1998
- France
- Kuuriya-Japan, 2002
- Brazil
- Jarmalka, 2006
- Italy
- Koonfur Afrika, 2010
- Spain
- Brazil, 2014
- Germany
- Ruushka, 2018
- France
Qeexitaankani wuxuu ku dhashey dhalashada, 1863, London, ee «Xiriirka Kubadda Cagta Ingiriiska», hay'addii ugu horreysay ee kubbadda cagta ee xeeraysa xeerarka ciyaarta. Sanadihii 1871-1872, Koobkii Ingiriiska ayaa la ciyaaray markii ugu horreysay, FA Cup-ka hadda jira (tartanka ugu da’da weyn ee jira), oo ay ku guuleysteen Wanderers, iyo 1882-kii ciyaartii ugu horreysay ee caalami ah oo dhex martay England iyo Scotland.
Intii lagu jiray dhammaadkii qarnigii XNUMXaad iyo bilowgii qarnigii XNUMXaad, kubbadda cagta waxay bilaabatay ballaarinta toosan ee Yurub iyo naadiyada ugu horreeya dalal badan, qaar badan oo ka mid ah waxay dallacsiiyeen muhaajiriin Ingiriis ah (gudaha Spain, hormuudku waa Recreativo de Huelva, 1889) oo ka tagay dhaxalka afkooda magacyada: Athletic, Racing, Sporting…
In 1904, ka FIFA (Xiriirka Caalamiga ah ee Xiriirka Kubadda Cagta), oo ah hay'adda hagta naqshadaha isboortigan heer caalami ah oo tan iyo 1930 -kii qabanqaabisa horyaalnimada adduunka ee kooxaha qaranka, oo la qabto afartii sanaba mar. Midkii kowaad, oo lagu qabtay Uruguay oo ay ka qaybgaleen 13 dal oo ka soo qayb galay, waxaa ku guulaystay kooxda martida loo ahaa.
Taariikhda Koobkii Kubadda Cagta Adduunka ee ABC.es
Tartamada qaran ee kala duwan (League, Cup…) iyo tartamada naadiyada caalamiga ah (UEFA Champions League, Europa League, Copa Libertadores…) iyo xulalka qaranka (European Cup, America Cup, African Cup…) waxay kubbada cagta ka dhigaan isboorti meeraheeda leh xamaasad joogto ah.
“Qaar baa rumeysan in kubbadda cagta ay tahay uun nolol iyo geeri, laakiin waa wax aad uga muhiimsan taas”, Bill Shankly, tababaraha Liverpool 1959-1974.
Isboortiga cagaha
Inta badan isboortiga lagu ciyaaro a kubad (wareegsan ama oval) waa gacmaha qaada inta badan ciyaarta. Kubadda cagta Mareykanka ama Australiya, rugby -ga laftiisa, cagta ayaa mararka qaarkood loo adeegsadaa kubbadda laadinta, laakiin halka adeegsiga cagaha ay ku badan tahay iyo meesha laga mamnuucay adeegsiga gacmaha (marka laga reebo kiiska goolhayaha) waa kubbadda cagta .
Xeerarka ciyaarta kubadda cagta
Dabeecaddan ayaa ah tan qeexaysa isboortigan, oo kow iyo toban laga ciyaaro kow iyo toban, oo aysan jirin cadow yar (iyo hal milyan oo mowduucyo kale) oo ka kooban goolal dhalinta, marka kubbadda la geliyo goolka ciyaarta. kooxda iska soo horjeeda.