Unugyada ugu muhiimsan ee beerka, hepatocytes waxay qabtaan hawlo badan oo muhiim ah: sifeynta dhiigga, baabi'inta sunta, kaydinta iyo isku-darka sonkorta, iwm.

Beerka intiisa badan waxa uu ka kooban yahay hepatocytes oo u habaysan taako, kuwaas oo u dhexeeya wareegga dhiigga iyo hirarka kulaylka biliary. Warshadaha biochemical ee dhabta ah, unugyadani waxay markaa labaduba qabsan karaan sunta ku wareegaysa dhiigga waxayna ka takhalusi karaan qashinkaas xiidmaha. Laakiin tani maahan shaqadooda kaliya, maadaama ay sidoo kale kaydiyaan oo ay soo saaraan walxo badan oo lagama maarmaan u ah jirka: glucose, triglycerin, albumin, bile salts, iwm.

Hepatocytes la'aanteed shaqaynaysa, cimriga jidhku kama badna dhawr saacadood. Unugyadani runtii waxay bixiyaan hawlo badan oo muhiim ah, oo ay ku jiraan:

• lmaaraynta sonkorta dhiigga : haddii ay dhacdo hyperglycemia, xameetidu waxay soo daysaa insulin, taas oo kicin doonta qaadashada iyo kaydinta gulukooska dhiigga ee hepatocytes. Taa beddelkeeda, haddii ay dhacdo hypoglycemia, waxay soo saartaa glucagon, si ay ugu dhiirrigeliso hepatocytes inay sii daayaan tamartan dhiigga;
• sunta dhiiga : hepatocytes waxay dhiigga ka nadiifiyaan sunta (khamriga, daroogooyinka, daroogada, iwm.), ka dibna iyaga oo daadgureynaya xaniinyaha; 
• dheecaanka xameetida Kaas oo lagu kaydiyo xameetida, ayaa lagu sii dayn doonaa mindhicirka waqtiga dheefshiidka. Maaddadani waxay ka kooban tahay qashinka laga soo saaro dhiigga iyo asiidhyada bile, oo awood u leh inay jejebiyaan xuubka cuntadu raaca ee triglycerides, "shidaalka" kale ee jirka;
• isku-dhafka triglycerides sonkorta iyo khamriga. Kuwani waa asiidhyada dufanka leh ee aan kor ku soo sheegnay. Iyaga oo kale, sidaas darteed waxaa loo qaadaa dhiigga unugyada u baahan iyaga (muruqyada, iwm.) ama lagu keydiyo unugyo adipose;
• wax soo saarka arrimaha xinjirowga, taas oo macnaheedu yahay borotiinada ku lug leh xinjirowga dhiigga.

Hepatic steatosis

Waa ururinta triglycerides ee hepatocytes. Cilmi-nafsiyeedkan wuxuu ka dhalan karaa khamriga xad-dhaafka ah, laakiin sidoo kale - waana arrin aad iyo aad u badan - waxay ku dhacdaa bukaannada aan cabbin laakiin miisaankoodu sarreeyo ama leh nooca 2aad ee sonkorowga. Cudurka beerka dufanka leh ee aan khamriga ahayn (NAFLD).

Cagaarshowga steatosis ayaa weli ah asymptomatic muddo dheer ka hor inta uusan keenin cagaarshow. Waa jawaabta bararsan tan inta badan keenta in la ogaado pathology-ga.

hepatitis

Caabuqa beerka, cagaarshowga waxaa sababi kara cudur beerka dufan leh, laakiin sidoo kale waxaa keeni kara fayras ku tarma hepatocytes (cagaarshow A, B ama fayraska C), sakhradda daroogada, soo-gaadhista alaab sun ah ama, marar dhif ah, cudurka difaaca jirka.

Calaamaduhu aad bay u kala duwan yihiin kiis ilaa kiis: 

• qandho;
• cunto xumo .
• shuban biyood;
• lallabbo;
• calool xanuun;
• cagaarshow;
• iwm

Waxay noqon karaan kuwo khafiif ah ama daran, iskood u tagi kara, ama waa ay sii jiri karaan. Cagaarshowga C, tusaale ahaan, 80% ayuu noqdaa mid daba dheeraada, halka cagaarshowga A uu si kedis ah u xalliyo. Infekshanku sidoo kale lama ogaan karo, waxaana la ogaan karaa ka dib marka uu u gudbo cirrhosis ama kansar.

Cirrhosis

Haddii caabuqa daba dheeraaday aan la daryeelin, hepatocytes-ka ayaa ku dhamaanaya midba midka kale dhimanaya. Beerka ayaa markaa si tartiib tartiib ah u luminaya shaqadiisa.

Waa muuqaalka hal ama in ka badan oo dhibaatooyin ah oo inta badan keena helitaanka cirrhosis: dhiig-baxa dheef-shiid kiimikaadka, ascites (caloosha oo kala duwan oo ku xiran ururinta dareeraha ee daloolka peritoneal), cagaarshow ( cagaarshow maqaarka iyo cadaanka isha, kaadi madow), kansar, iwm.

Kansarka beerka

Hepatocarcinoma, ama kansarka hepatocellular, wuxuu ka bilaabmaa hepatocyte kaas oo, markii uu noqday mid aan caadi ahayn, bilaabay inuu u bato si aan caadi ahayn oo uu sameeyo buro xun. Aad bay dhif u tahay dhaawaca noocan ah inuu ku dhaco beerka oo aan lahayn steatosis, cagaarshow ama cirrhosis.

Miisaanka aan la garanayn, luminta rabitaanka cuntada, calool xanuun, lallabbo iyo matag, daal guud, muuqaalka buro ee aagga beerka, gaar ahaan haddii lala xiriiriyo cagaarshow, waa in ay kuu digto. Laakiin ka digtoonow: calaamadahani waxay ku badan yihiin cudurrada beerka ee kale. Dhakhtar kaliya ayaa samayn kara cudurka.

Focal nodular hyperplasia

Focal nodular hyperplasia waa kororka tirada hepatocytes ee beerka, taasoo keenta inay kordhiso cabbirka. Nodules Fibrous oo ah 1 ilaa 10 cm ayaa soo bixi kara. Burooyinkan, naadir iyo aan fiicneyn, ayaa lagu door bidaa qaadashada ka hortagga uurka ama daawaynta ku saleysan estrogen. Dhibaatooyinkoodu waa naadir. Tani waa sababta ay naadir u tahay in qalliin looga saaro.

Iyadoo si wax ku ool ah oo waara loo daweeyo sababaha cagaarshow (daawaynta ka hortagga fayraska, khamriga oo laga baxo, cunto dhimista, xakamaynta sonkorowga, iwm), cirrhosis waa laga hortagi karaa ama la joojin karaa. Haddii nudaha mar hore la burburiyay, ma bogsan doonaan, laakiin beerka intiisa kale ma sii hayn doono. Haddii cirrhosis-ka uu aad u horumaray, kaliya ku-tallaalid ayaa soo celin kara shaqadii beerka ee liidatay, waase haddii la heli karo tallaalid.

Haddii ay dhacdo kansar, guddiga daawadu waa ballaaran yihiin:

• qayb ka saarista beerka;
• isugeynta guud oo ay ku xigto ku-tallaalid;
• burburinta burada by soo noqnoqoshada radiofrequencies ama microwaves;
• korantada;
• daaweynta kiimikada;
• iwm 

Istaraatiijiyadu waxay ku xiran tahay dhowr arrimood, oo ay ku jiraan tirada nabarrada, cabbirkooda, heerkooda iyo xaaladda beerka.

Marka ay la kulmaan calaamado muujinaya cudurka cagaarshow beerka, baaritaanka dhiigga ayaa xaqiijinaya ku lug lahaanshaha beerka (hypoalbuminemia, iwm.). Haddii aan wax fayras ah laga helin muunada dhiigga, ultrasound ayaa la qori doonaa, oo lagu kabi doonaa haddii loo baahdo MRI, CT scan ama ultrasound Doppler. Ka-qaadis-qaadis ayaa sidoo kale la codsan karaa intaa dheer.