Sawirada microbeads-ka ee badda dhexdeeda waxa laga yaabaa inaanay qalbiga ka farxin sida sawirada qoolleyda badeedka ee ku xayiran faraanti balaastiig ah, laakiin balaastikadan yar yar ayaa sidoo kale ku soo ururaya marin biyoodyadayada waxayna khatar ku yihiin nolosha xayawaanka badda.
Sidee bay microbeads ka soo galaan saabuunta ilaa badda? Sida ugu dabiiciga ah, subax kasta ka dib marka la dhaqo, balaastikadan yaryar ayaa lagu dhaqaa godka biyaha. Dadka deegaanka ayaa aad u jeclaan lahaa in aysan taasi dhicin.
Waa maxay microbeads?
Microbead-ku waa gabal yar oo balaastiig ah oo qiyaastii 1 millimitir ah ama ka yar (qiyaastii cabbirka madaxa biinanka).
Microbeads waxaa caadi ahaan loo isticmaalaa sida abrasives ama exfoliators sababtoo ah dusha adag ayaa ah nadiifinta wax ku ool ah oo aan waxyeello u geysan doonin maqaarkaaga, oo aan ku milmin biyaha. Sababahan dartood, microbeads waxay noqdeen shay caadi ah oo ka mid ah alaabooyin badan oo daryeelka shakhsi ahaaneed. Alaabooyinka ay ku jiraan microbeads waxaa ka mid ah xoqida wejiga, daawada cadayga, huuriyayaasha iyo labeennada, carfiyeyaasha, muraayadaha qorraxda, iyo alaabta la isku qurxiyo.
Tayada ka dhigaya microbeads exfoliants wax ku ool ah ayaa sidoo kale ka dhigaya kuwo khatar u ah deegaanka. "Saameyntu waxay la mid tahay dhalooyinka caagga ah iyo balaastikada kale ee deegaanka khatarta leh ee la jarjaray oo lagu tuuray badda."
Sidee bay microbeads u galaan badaha?
Qaybahan yar-yar ee balaastigga ah kuma milmaan biyaha, waana sababta ay ugu fiican yihiin inay ka saaraan saliidda iyo wasakhda daloolada maqaarka. Iyo maadaama ay aad u yar yihiin (in ka yar 1 millimitir), microbeads laguma sifeeyo dhirta lagu daweeyo biyaha wasakhda ah. Taas macneheedu waxa weeye in ay ku dhamaadaan mareen biyoodyo tiro badan.
Sida laga soo xigtay daraasad ay daabacday Ururka Kiimikada Mareykanka ee joornaalka Sayniska Deegaanka & Teknolojiyada, qoysaska Mareykanka ayaa dhaqaya 808 trillion microbeads maalin kasta. Warshadda dib-u-warshadaynta, 8 trillion microbeads waxay si toos ah ugu dhammaadaan marin-biyoodka. Tani waxay ku filan tahay inay daboosho 300 oo maxkamad tennis ah.
Iyadoo badi microbeads-ka dhirta dib-u-warshadaynta aysan si toos ah ugu dhicin ilaha biyaha, qaybaha yaryar ee balaastikada ah waxay leeyihiin waddo cad oo ugu dambeyntii ku dhammaata webiyada iyo harooyinka. Inta soo hartay ee 800 trillion microbeads waxay ku dhammaataa dhoobo, kaas oo markii dambe lagu dabaqo sida bacriminta cawska iyo ciidda, halkaas oo microbeads ay ka geli karaan ilaha biyaha iyada oo loo marayo qulqulka.
Intee in le'eg ayay waxyeellada microbeads u keeni kartaa deegaanka?
Marka biyaha la galo, microbeads inta badan waxay ku dhamaanayaan silsiladda cuntada, maadaama ay inta badan la mid yihiin ukunta kalluunka, cunto nolol badeed badan. In ka badan noocyada 2013 ee xayawaanka badda ayaa ku qalda microbeads cuntada, oo ay ku jiraan kalluunka, qoolleyda iyo gulls, sida lagu sheegay daraasad 250 ah.
Marka la dhuuqo, microbeads kaliya maaha inay diidaan xayawaanka nafaqooyinka muhiimka ah, laakiin sidoo kale waxay geli karaan habka dheef-shiidka, taas oo keenta xanuunka, ka hortagga inay cunaan, ugu dambeyntiina waxay keenaan dhimasho. Intaa waxaa dheer, balaastikada ku jirta microbeads-ku waxay soo jiidataa oo nuugtaa kiimikooyinka sunta ah, sidaas darteed waxay sun u yihiin duurjoogta iyaga ah.
Sidee dunidu ula tacaalaysaa dhibaatada microbead?
Habka ugu fiican ee looga hortagi karo wasakheynta microbead, sida lagu sheegay daraasad ay daabacday Ururka Kiimikada Maraykanka, waa in laga saaro microbeads-ka cuntooyinka.
Sannadkii 2015, Maraykanku waxa uu meel mariyey mamnuucid isticmaalka bacaha yaryar ee saabuunta, daawada cadayga iyo dhaqidda jidhka. Tan iyo markii madaxweyne Barack Obama uu saxiixay sharciga, shirkadaha waaweyn sida Unilever, Procter & Gamble, Johnson & Johnson iyo L'Oreal waxay ballan qaadeen inay baabi'inayaan isticmaalka microbeads ee alaabadooda, si kastaba ha ahaatee ma cadda in dhammaan noocyada ay raaceen ballanqaadkan. .
Intaa ka dib, xubno ka tirsan baarlamaanka Ingiriiska ayaa ku baaqay alaabooyin ay ku jiraan microbeads. Kanada waxay soo saartay sharci la mid ah Maraykanka, kaas oo u baahan waddanku inuu mamnuuco dhammaan badeecadaha leh microbeads marka la gaaro Luulyo 1, 2018.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sharci-dejiyayaashu kama warqabaan dhammaan badeecooyinka ay ku jiraan microbeads, abuurista daldalool mamnuucida Mareykanka taas oo u oggolaanaysa soosaarayaasha inay sii wadaan iibinta qaar ka mid ah alaabooyinka leh microbeads, oo ay ku jiraan saabuunta, alaabta ciidda qarxisa, iyo waxyaalaha la isku qurxiyo.
Sideen uga caawin karaa la dagaalanka wasakhowga microbead?
Jawaabtu waa sahlan tahay: jooji isticmaalka iyo iibsashada alaabta ay ku jiraan microbeads.
Waad iska hubin kartaa haddii badeecada ay ku jirto microbeads. Ka raadi maaddooyinka soo socda ee summada: polyetylen (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyetylen terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), iyo naylon (PA).
Haddii aad rabto wax soo saarka dabiiciga ah, raadi dabiiciga dabiiciga ah sida miro, milix, caano fadhi, sonkor, ama kafeega. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaad isku dayi kartaa beddelka qurxinta ee microbeads: ciid macmal ah.
Haddii aad gurigaaga ku haysato alaab leh microbeads, kaliya ha tuurin - haddii kale microbeads-ka qashinka qashinka ah waxay weli ku dambayn doonaan qulqulka biyaha. Hal xal oo suurtagal ah ayaa ah in dib loogu celiyo soo saaraha.