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Saf ayaa magacooda u helay sabab: they grow in rows or large groups. These fruiting bodies can be found throughout the Federation in the temperate forest zone. It is known that all types of rows are autumn mushrooms. Among them there are both edible and inedible and even poisonous representatives. Mushroom pickers with experience appreciate the rows very much, because they have high taste qualities, and also lend themselves well to various processing processes. However, first of all, you need to know what this or that type of this fruiting body looks like.
Sharaxaada iyo qaybinta doomaha huruuda-bunniga ah
Ryadovka jaale-brown waa likaha agaric caadi ah oo iska leh qoyska Ryadovkovye. Waxaa loo kala saaraa shuruudo la cuni karo, laakiin waxaa jira ilo u yaqaan jidhkan miraha ah mid aan la cuni karin oo xitaa sun ah.
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Hoos waxaa ku yaal sawir iyo sharraxaad safka jaalaha-brown.
Magaca Latinka: Tricholoma huruud ah.
Qoyska: Caadiyan.
micne ah: Tricholoma flavobrunneum, saf jaale-brown, bunni-jaalle, casaan-brown, bunni. Dadka dhexdiisa, fungus noocan oo kale ah waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaannaa agaric plantain iyo lowska malab.
Labanlaab: maqan yihiin.
Koofiyad: dhexroorku waa 4-10 cm, mararka qaarkood waxaa jira muunado leh koofiyad 15 cm ah. Qaabku waa wareegsan yahay-koonkole, da'da waxay noqotaa sujuud iyo luul, tubercle ayaa ka muuqda bartamaha. Muunadaha da'da yar, cidhifyada koofiyadaha ayaa gudaha la gelinaya, muunado duug ah way laalaabteen. U fiirso midabka koofiyada jaalaha-brown ee lagu muujiyay sawirka:
Sida aad arki karto, midabkiisu aad buu u qurux badan yahay - jaalle-orange, casaan-brown ama casaan, dhexda had iyo jeer had iyo jeer waa madow. Marka la taabto, dusha sare ee daboolka ayaa la dareemayaa inuu siman yahay oo engegan yahay, laakiin cimilada qoyan waxay noqotaa dhalaal iyo simbiriirixan.
Lugta: sare, ilaa 15 cm, fiiqan, cufan, qalalan, siman. Midabku wuxuu la mid yahay hooska koofiyadda, iyo marka qoyan, dusha sare ayaa noqda mid dhejis ah.
Koob cufan, hilib dhexdhexaad ah, caddaan ama huruud ah. Urta waa faraaceous, khafiif ah, ku dhawaad aan la fahmi karin, dhadhanka waa qadhaadh. Hilibka lugtu waa mid ka sameysan, caddaan ama huruud ah.
Diiwaanada: aad u ballaaran, koray-koray, marar badan ama dhif ah meel ku yaal. Marka loo eego sharraxaadda safka jaalaha-brown, midabka taarikadaheedu waa iftiin ama kareem, midab yar oo jaale ah ayaa la arki karaa. Da'da, waxay noqdaan kuwo gebi ahaanba bunni ah ama waxay noqdaan kuwo midab leh oo leh midab u dhigma.
Cunto: boqoshaada shuruud ahaan la cuni karo ee qaybta 4, si kastaba ha ahaatee, kuwa tijaabiyay waxay ogaadaan qadhaadh aan fiicnayn oo saxarka ah.
Waxyaabaha ay isku midka yihiin iyo kala duwanaanshaha: likaha gura ee aan khibrad u lahayn waxay ku khaldi karaan "quruxda" jaalaha-bunniga ah iyo safka poplar (Tricholoma populinum) - nooca likaha shuruud ahaan la cuni karo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kan dambe wuxuu leeyahay jirid dhumuc weyn, taarikada cadcad waxayna badanaa ku koraan geedaha geedaha u dhow.
Faafidda: Waqooyiga Ameerika, Galbeedka iyo Galbeedka Yurub, Bartamaha iyo Waqooyiga Dalkeena, Ural iyo Bariga Fog. Doofaarka huruuda-brown-ka ee likaha door bidaan kaymaha go'ay iyo kuwa isku dhafan. Wuxuu u koraa kooxo laga bilaabo Ogosto ilaa Oktoobar. Mira-saarku had iyo jeer waa badan yahay, jidhka miraha laftiisa ayaa si fiican u dulqaata abaarta.
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Dahab saf ah: sawir, sharaxaad iyo qaybin
Saf dahab ah (Tricholoma auratum) - boqoshaada la cuni karo oo tayadoodu hooseyso, muuqaal kaas oo ah sii deynta dhibco casiir ah. Aad bay u fududahay in la aqoonsado jidhkan miraha leh, qaar badan oo ka mid ah kuwa likaha leh ee khibrad leh ayaa sheeganaya in ay ku dhowdahay in ay ku wareerto noocyada kale.
Sharaxaada soo socota iyo sawirka safka dahabiga ah ayaa kaa caawin doona inaad fahamto muuqaalka iyo sifooyinka koritaankeeda.
Magaca Latinka: Tricholoma auratum.
Qoyska: Caadiyan.
Koofiyad: 6 ilaa 10 cm dhexroor, convex leh geesaha duuban. Markay koraan, koofiyaddu waxay noqotaa sujuud oo tubercle ku yaal bartamaha. Dusha sare waxay leedahay midab liimi-jaalle ah oo sifo ah, iyo meel madow-marooni ah ayaa ka muuqda bartamaha. Bilawga roobka, waxaad u eegi kartaa sida dusha sare ee daboolku u noqdo caato iyo simbiriirixan.
Lugta: waxay leedahay aag lagu dhawaaqo oo miisaan guduudan-orange ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, lugta ee boqoshaada safka dahabka ah waxay soo saartaa dhibco casiir ah, taas oo ah muuqaalkeeda.
Koob cufan, caddaan ah, waxay leedahay udgoon daqiiq khafiif ah iyo dhadhan qadhaadh oo xooggan.
Diiwaanada: naadir, dhuuban, caddaan.
Cunto: Waxaa loo kala saaraa sida boqoshaada la cuni karo oo tayadeedu hooseyso, si kastaba ha ahaatee, sababtoo ah saxarka qadhaadhka ah, waxaa loo tixgeliyaa nooc aan la cuni karin oo sun ah oo sun ah.
Faafidda: guud ahaan aagga cimiladu ee hemisphere waqooyi.
Sawirku wuxuu muujinayaa in safka dahabiga ah uu u korayo kooxo kaymo isku dhafan iyo coniferous. Sidoo kale, jidhka miraha noocan oo kale ah ayaa doorbidaya carrada qani ku ah lime, mararka qaarkood waxay u koraan keligood. Xilliga goosashada boqoshaku waxa uu bilaabmaa Julaay waxa uuna socdaa ilaa Oktoobar.
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Doofaan biyaha leh (Lepista gilva) ama ku hadla brown-jaalle (Clitocybe gilva)
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Sida laga soo xigtay hal ilo. Doomaha doomaha oo meel gaadh ah (Lipista gilva) loo arko nooc la cuni karo ama shuruud ahaan la cuni karo, halka qaar ka mid ah ilo shisheeye ay ugu yeeraan sun. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dhakhaatiirta mycologists waxay isku raaceen in likahani uu weli yahay mid la cuni karo, laakiin wax yar ayaa la qiimeeyaa sababtoo ah tayada hooseeya ee dhadhanka. Marka la eego, safka biyaha leh ama ku hadla brown-jaalle maanta, sida caadiga ah, waa dhif in la ururiyo.
Magaca Latinka: Ka gudub.
Qoyska: Caadiyan.
micne ah: ku hadla brown-jaalle, saf bunni-jaalle, Paralepista gilva, Clitocybe gilva.
Koofiyad: aad u weyn, 4-10 cm dhexroor, mararka qaarkood ilaa 15 cm, siman, oo leh tubercle yar oo muuqda oo dhexda ku yaal. Muunooyinkii hore waxay leeyihiin koofiyad qaabaysan funnel-ka, geesaheeduna had iyo jeer way xidhan yihiin. Midabka doorsooma, inta badan aan go'aamin, maariin-maqaar, huruud-orange, casaan, bunni-jaalle. Waqti ka dib, dusha sare ayaa laga yaabaa inuu u libdho mid kareem ah, midab cad oo ku dhow, oo badanaa leh dhibco miridhku.
Lugta: halkii gaaban, ilaa 5 cm sare iyo ilaa 0,5 dhumucdiisuna, xataa, cylindrical, wax yar cidhiidhi ah xagga hoose, fibrous, laastikada. Midabka lugta ee safka biyaha leh ayaa la mid ah kan daboolka.
Koob dhuuban, cufan, labeen ama huruud ah. Urta waa anise wacan, dhadhanka jidhku waa qadhaadh. Qaar ka mid ah likaha gura waxay xusaan in jidhka miraha uu soo saaro udgoon xooggan oo u eg cadar.
Diiwaanada: dhuuban, soo noqnoqda, cidhiidhi ah, si xoog leh u soo degaya, dhif ah fargeeto. Shakhsiyaadka da'da yar, midabka taarikada waa caddaan, da'dana waxay noqdaan hurdi iyo xitaa bunni, mararka qaarkood dhibco yaryar oo daxalaystay ayaa ka muuqda dusha sare.
Cunto: ma jiro qeexid aan mugdi ku jirin. Wada-hadallada ku saabsan wax-ka-beddelka safka biyaha leh ama ku hadla-jaallaha-brown ayaa socda ilaa maantadan la joogo. Waxa loo kala saaray noocyada la cuni karo iyo kuwa aan la cuni karin labadaba.
Waxyaabaha ay isku midka yihiin iyo kala duwanaanshaha: waxaa lagu khaldi karaa safka cas (Lepista inversa). Dambe, inkasta oo ay ku koraan xaalado isku mid ah, weli way ku kala duwan yihiin midabka madow ee daboolka.
Faafidda: Dooxa biyaha leh ayaa u soo baxa kooxo, oo ka samaysta "faraanti sixir", dhammaan kaymaha isku-dhafka ah iyo kuwa fidsan. Waxay miro dhalisaa badhtamaha xagaaga ilaa ku dhawaad dhamaadka dayrta. Dhaqdhaqaaqa fangas-ka ugu sarreeya waxaa lagu arkay dabayaaqada Ogosto ilaa bartamaha Oktoobar.