12% dhimashada waxaa sabab u ah cudurrada neef-mareenka, iyo sababta ugu weyn ee maqnaanshaha dhalinyarada maanta waa caabuqyada neefsashada. Sidaa darteed ENT iyo daryeelka sambabada ayaa ah arrimo caafimaad oo aad looga walaaco. Daaweynta xaaladaha neef-mareenka qaarkood waxay ku lug leedahay isticmaalka nebulizer. Qalabkan caafimaad ee aadka u dambeeyay ayaa suurtogal ka dhigaya in si toos ah dawooyinka hawada hawada loogu qaybiyo habdhiska neefsiga.

Nebulizer, ama nebulizer, ayaa suurtogal ka dhigaya in daroogada dareeraha ah loo beddelo hawada hawada, taas oo ah in la yiraahdo dhibco aad u fiican oo si degdeg ah oo fudud u nuugi doona dariiqa neefsiga oo aan wax faragelin ah ku sameynin bukaanka lagama maarmaanka ah. Daawaynta aerosol-ka ee nebulized waa mid aad waxtar u leh, xanuun la'aan, habka daawaynta maxalliga ah oo leh saameynaha ugu yar marka loo eego daaweynta nidaamka.

Curiska

Iyadoo ku xiran sida loo soo saaro aerosol, waxaa jira saddex nooc oo nebulizer ah:

• nebulizers pneumatic, kaas oo soo saara aerosol-ka iyada oo ay ugu wacan tahay gaaska cadaadiska lagu soo diray (hawo ama oksijiin);
• nebulizers ultrasonic, kuwaas oo isticmaala ultrasound si ay u qaabeeyaan crystal kaas oo markaa u gudbin doona gariirka dareeraha si loo nebulized;
• nebulizers xuubabka, kuwaas oo adeegsada shaandho daloolsan oo leh kumanaan godad dhawr microns dhexroor ah kaas oo dareeraha la nebulized lagu qiyaaso ficilka hadda korontada.

Nebulizer-ka oofwareenka

Waa nooca nebulizer-ka ugu da'da weyn uguna isticmaalka badan, labadaba isbitaalada iyo gurigaba. Waxay ka kooban tahay saddex qaybood:

• kombaresarada soo dirta hawada ama ogsijiinta cadaadiska hoostiisa;
• nebulizer, oo ku xiran kombarestarka by tuubo, kaas oo la gelinayo dareeraha daawadu in nebulized. Nebulizer laftiisu waxa uu ka kooban yahay haan qaada dareeraha (2ml ilaa 8ml), nozzle uu soo maro gaaska la cadaadinayey, aalad lagu nuugo dareeraha saamaynta venturi, iyo leexiye ay dhibco yaryari ku jabaan qaybo neefsan;
• isdhexgalka bukaanka ee ku xiran nebulizer-ka kaas oo noqon kara waji-xidhka, af-fure ama gunta sanka.

Erayga nebulization wuxuu ka yimid nebula Latin ah ( ceeryaamo) oo macnaheedu yahay in dawada xalka ku jirta loo maamulo qaab ceeryaamo ah, oo loo yaqaan 'aerosol'. Dhibcaha ganaaxa ku jira ceeryaamahani waa ka kooban yihiin qaab-dhismeed iyo cabbir iyadoo ku xidhan pathology-ga lagu daweynayo.

Cabbirrada walxaha kala duwan

Baaxadda walxaha waxaa lagu dooran doonaa iyadoo loo eegayo goobta neefsashada ee la gaaro

Qayb ka kooban

Daawooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee ay bixiso aerosol waxay ku habboon yihiin nooc kasta oo pathology ah:

• bronchodilators (ß2 mimics, anticholinergics), kuwaas oo ka shaqeeya sababa boronkiitada si degdeg ah u balaarto, ayaa loo isticmaalaa daawaynta weerarrada neefta ee daran ama ololka cudurrada sambabada ee joogtada ah (COPD);
• corticosteroids (budesonide, beclomethasone) waa dawooyinka ka hortagga bararka ee la xidhiidha bronchodilator ee daaweynta neefta;
• mucolytics iyo viscolytics waxay caawiyaan khafiifinta xabka ku urura bronki ee cystic fibrosis;
• Antibiyootikada (tobramycin, colistin) ayaa laga bixiyaa deegaanka si loo dayactiro xaaladaha cystic fibrosis;
• laryngitis, boronkiito, sinusitis, otitis media sidoo kale waxaa lagu daweyn karaa nebulization.

Dadweynaha ay quseyso ama qatar ku jira

Cudurrada lagu daweeyo nebulization waa cudurro daba-dheeraaday oo u baahan daweyn aan faragelin lahayn oo maxalli ah oo aan lahayn intii suurtagal ah waxyeellooyin xunxun.

Nebulization aerosol therapy uma baahna wax dadaal ah ama dhaqdhaqaaq dhinaca bukaanka ah, sidaas darteed daawayntani waxay si gaar ah ugu habboon tahay dhallaanka, carruurta yaryar, waayeelka iyo dadka dhaqdhaqaaqa yar.

Nebulization-ka ayaa inta badan lagu isticmaalaa cisbitaalka, dhakhtarka carruurta, sambabada, xaaladaha degdegga ah ama qaybaha daryeelka degdegga ah. Waxa kale oo lagu samayn karaa guriga.

Isticmaalka nebulizer-ka guriga wuxuu u baahan yahay "tababar" ka hor si nebulization-ku si dhab ah waxtar u yeesho. Hawshan waa masuuliyada shaqaalaha daryeelka caafimaadka (dhakhaatiirta, kalkaaliyayaasha caafimaadka, dhakhaatiirta jimicsiga, iwm.) ama farmashiistaha.

Goorma ayaa la isticmaalayaa?

Nebulization guriga waa in lagu sameeyaa oo kaliya iyadoo la raacayo warqad dhakhtar qoray. Dalabka waa in uu sheegaa dhowr dhibcood :

• dawada la nebulized, baakadeeda (tusaale: hal dose oo ah 2 ml), laga yaabaa in ay qasayso ama ay ku dar ah daawooyinka kale;
• tirada fadhiyada la qabanayo maalintii iyo marka ay tahay in la sameeyo haddii noocyada kale ee daryeelka loo qoro (tusaale ahaan, ka hor fadhiyada jimicsiga jimicsiga);
• muddada fadhi kasta (5 ilaa 10 daqiiqo ugu badnaan);
• wadarta muddada daaweynta;
• qaabka nebulizer iyo kombasarrada loo isticmaalo;
• nooca maaskarada ama afka laga qaato.

Marxaladaha hawlgalka

• Kulamada waa in laga fogaadaa cuntada si looga fogaado matagga;
• sanka iyo cunaha waa inay nadiif ahaadaan (isticmaal qalabka sanka ilmaha ee dhallaanka);
• waa inaad u fadhiisataa dhabarkaaga oo toosan, ama meel fadhiisiga badheed u ah dhallaanka;
• waa inaad aad u nasato;
• nebulizer-ka si toos ah ayaa loo qabtaa oo afka, ama maaskarada, si fiican ayaa loogu hayaa cadaadis khafiif ah;
• waa in aad afkaaga ka neefsataa oo aad si deggan uga neefsato;
• "Gurgling" ee nebulizer-ku wuxuu muujinayaa in taanggu faaruq yahay, oo markaa fadhigu dhammaaday.

Taxadarka la qaadanayo

Kahor fadhiga:

• si fiican u dhaq gacmahaaga;
• fur nebulizer-ka oo ku shub dawada;
• isku xidh afka ama maaskarada;
• ku xidh kombaresarada adigoo isticmaalaya tubbada;
• fur oo shid kombarada.

Casharka ka dib:

Marka laga reebo kiiska nebulizer-ka keliya ee la isticmaalo, qalabka waa in la nadiifiyaa lagana diraa si taxadar leh:

• dhammaadka kalfadhi kasta, nebulizer waa in la kala diro, inta kale ee diyaarinta waa la tuuray, dhammaan qaybaha waa in lagu dhaqaa biyo kulul oo saabuun ah;
• maalin kasta, walxaha waa in lagu nadiifiyaa 15 daqiiqo biyo karkaraya;
• Walaxda waa in lagu daayaa si ay u engegaan hawada furan ka dibna lagu kaydiyaa meel ka fog boodhka.

Doorashada nebulizer waa in lagu waafajiyaa kiis kasta iyo nooc kasta oo daaweyn ah. Waa inay buuxisaa shuruudo gaar ah.

Caqabadaha doorashada nebulizer-keeda

• Nooca daroogada in la nebulized: qaar ka mid ah diyaarinta kuma haboona dhammaan noocyada nebulizer (tusaale corticosteroids si fiican u faafin by nebulizers ultrasonic);
• astaanta bukaanka: dhallaanka, waayeelka ama naafada, maaskarada waa in loo doortaa isdhexgalka bukaanka;
• madaxbannaanida hawlgalka iyo gaadiidka;
• qiimaha lacagta (nidaamyada kirada ayaa ka jira qaybiyeyaasha qalabka caafimaadka);
• nebulizer-ku waa inuu buuxiyaa shuruudaha heerka NF EN 13544-1 waana in la keenaa tilmaamo faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan hawlgalkiisa, waxqabadkiisa iyo hawlaha dayactirka lagama maarmaanka ah.