Exophthalmos waa ereyga loo isticmaalo in lagu tilmaamo ka soo bixidda hal ama labada indhood ee ka baxsan meeraha. Waxaan sidoo kale ka hadalnaa indhuhu ama indhaha soo boodaya.

Ishu waxay u muuqataa mid weyn, "furan", taas oo faragelin karta xidhitaanka daboolka indhaha marka lagu daro inay keento raaxo-darro bilicsan. Exophthalmos ma aha kororka xajmiga isha, laakiin waa korodhka xajmiga murqaha ama qaababka gudaha isha (joogitaanka suurtogalka ah ee buro isha ah). orbit). Isha soo baxda waxa kale oo laga yaabaa inay leexato oo ay u muuqato inay u eegayso jiho ka duwan isha caadiga ah. Inta badan, si kastaba ha ahaatee, labada indhood ayaa saameeya.

Exophthalmos waxaa laga yaabaa inay go'doomiso ama la xiriirto calaamado kale, sida hoos u dhaca aragga, aragga labajibbaaran (diplopia), xanuun, casaan, iwm.

Exophthalmos waxay noqon kartaa mid cad oo foolxun, laakiin mar walba isla markiiba ma muuqato: sidoo kale waxaa la ogaan karaa inta lagu jiro baaritaanka caadiga ah ee indhaha.

Waxaa jira dhowr sababood oo suurtagal ah ee exophthalmos: endocrine, burooyinka, bararka, dhaawacyada iyo xididada.

Dhakhaatiirta indhaha ayaa qiimeyn doona dabeecadda hal-dhinac ama laba-geesoodka ah ee cilladda, koorsada (dhaqso ama aan ahayn), haddii isha ay leexatay iyo in kale ("axillary" ama dabeecad aan lahayn), iyo dareenka "pulse" ama garaaca wadnaha. isha (dabeecada pulsatile).

Guud ahaan, bilawga lama filaanka ah ee exophthalmos wuxuu u eg yahay dhaawac ama cudur barar ah. Marka uu si tartiib tartiib ah u soo baxo, waxa sababa endocrine ama pathology buro.

Waa kuwan sababaha ugu badan:

• Cudurka qabriyada: kani waa cudur ku dhaca qanjidhka tayroodh (hyperthyroidism) guud ahaan asalkiisu waa autoimmune. Waxay si dadban u keentaa caabuq ku dhaca unugyada kubbadda isha, kuwaas oo barara oo sababa inay isha soo baxdo. Xanuunada kale ee tayroodhka ayaa laga yaabaa inay lug ku yeeshaan (waxaanu ka hadalnaa dysthyroid orbitopathy guud ahaan: hyperthyroidism 80% kiisaska, hypothyroidism qiyaastii 10%). Inta badan, exophthalmos waa laba geesood.
• carotid-cavernous fistula: tani waa sababta inta badan la helo marka exophthalmos uu yahay mid dhinac ah oo garaaca wadnaha. Waa isgaarsiin aan caadi ahayn oo ka dhexeeya carotid gudaha iyo sanbabada godka (samaynta xididdada oo ku yaal saldhigga madaxa), oo badanaa ay sababto dhaawac. Waa xaalad degdeg ah oo caafimaad, xataa nafta halis gelisa.
• Exophthalmos naxdin leh: waxay dhacaan shoog ka dib (hematoma, jabka wareegga, iwm.) ama dhaawac madaxa.
• Exophthalmos infekshanka ah: kuwani waa inta badan cawaaqibka ethmoiditis, taas oo ah infekshanka ethmoid, lafo ku taal inta u dhaxaysa labada indhood ee isha. Waxay inta badan saamaysaa carruurta iyo dhallinyarada.
• Exophthalmos barar leh: sababtooda mar walba lama yaqaan, laakiin waxay la xiriiri karaan cudurrada nidaamka qaarkood sida sarcoidosis, periarteritis nodosa, cudurka Wegener, vasculitis bararka, iwm. .
• Tumor exophthalmos: waxay sabab u tahay joogitaanka tirada buro ee kubbadda isha. Noocyo badan oo burooyin ah ayaa saameyn kara meeshan. Waxa kale oo ay noqon kartaa metastases ka yimid goob kale.

Marka laga soo tago dhinaca aan fiicneyn ee exophthalmos, waxay faragelin kartaa aragga, waxaa weheliya xanuun, dhibaatooyin halis gelinaya aragga… Sidaa darteed waa lama huraan inaad si degdeg ah ula tashato dhakhtarkaaga indhaha.

Tani waxay leedahay dhowr qalab oo lagu qiimeeyo darnaanta exophthalmos. Inta badan, wuxuu qori doonaa baaritaannada sawirka (CT scan, MRI) si loo ogaado cudurka.

Daawaynta exophthalmos waxay kuxirantahay sababta. Waa mid dawo ama qaliin.

Haddii ay dhacdo cudurka thyroid-ka, oo ah sababta ugu badan, qaadashada daawada antithyroid dhowr bilood waxay inta badan caawisaa soo celinta heerarka hoormoonka tayroodhka caadiga ah. Ka saarida qaliinka ee tayroodhka iyo qaadashada iodine radioactive sidoo kale waa la soo jeedin karaa, iyadoo ku xidhan xaaladdu.

Exophthalmos had iyo jeer kuma raynayso daawaynta: mararka qaarkood xitaa way ka sii dartay. Qaadashada corticosteroids ayaa ku caawin karta, mararka qaarkoodna waxaa laga yaabaa in qalliin lagu tilmaamo, ka dib marka heerarka hoormoonka la soo celiyo.

Xaaladaha kale ee exophthalmos, iyadoo ku xiran sababta, xalal dhowr ah ayaa laga yaabaa in la tixgeliyo. Natiijadu waxay ku xiran tahay xaaladda iyo cudurka hoose.